Iyini impahla ye-PLA

Iyini impahla ye-PLA?

I-Polylactic acid, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PLA, i-thermoplastic monoma etholakala emithonjeni evuselelekayo, ephilayo efana nesitashi sombila noma umoba.Ukusebenzisa izinsiza ze-biomass kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-PLA kuhluke kumapulasitiki amaningi, akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa uphethiloli we-fossil ngokusebenzisa i-distillation kanye ne-polymerization ye-petroleum.

Naphezu komehluko wempahla eluhlaza, i-PLA ingakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa okokusebenza okufanayo namapulasitiki e-petrochemical, okwenza izinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-PLA zibe nezindleko ezikahle.I-PLA ingeyesibili kwe-bioplastic ekhiqizwa kakhulu (emva kwesitashi se-thermoplastic) futhi inezici ezifanayo ne-polypropylene (PP), i-polyethylene (PE), noma i-polystyrene (PS), kanye nokuba yi-biodegradeable.

I-Institute of biodegradable materials ibike ukuthi izinto ze-PLA zinamathuba amahle okufaka isicelo emkhakheni wokupakisha, kodwa aziphelele ekuqineni, ukumelana nokushisa, izakhiwo ezilwa namagciwane kanye nezithiyo.Uma isetshenziswa emaphaketheni ezokuthutha, ukupakishwa kwe-antibacterial kanye nokupakishwa okuhlakaniphile okunezidingo eziphezulu zalezi zakhiwo, idinga ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo.Kuthiwani ngokusetshenziswa kwe-PLA emkhakheni wokupakisha?Yiziphi izinzuzo nemingcele?

Lokhu kushiyeka kwe-PLA kungalungiswa ngokusebenzisa i-copolymerization, ukuxuba, i-plasticization nokunye ukuguqulwa.Ngokwesisekelo sokugcina izinzuzo ezisobala neziwohlokayo ze-PLA, ingaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukuwohloka, ukuqina, ukumelana nokushisa, umgoqo, ukuhanjiswa kanye nezinye izakhiwo ze-PLA, inciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi iyenze isetshenziswe kabanzi ekupakishweni.
Lezi zindaba zethula inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo lokuguqulwa kwe-PLA okusetshenziswe emkhakheni wokupakisha
1. Ukonakala

I-PLA ngokwayo izinzile kumazinga okushisa asekamelweni, kodwa kulula ukuwohloka ngokushesha endaweni yokushisa ethe ukubanda kakhulu, imvelo ye-acid-base noma imvelo ye-microbial.Izici ezithinta ukucekelwa phansi kwe-PLA zihlanganisa isisindo samangqamuzana, isimo sekristalu, i-microstructure, izinga lokushisa lendawo ezungezile kanye nomswakama, inani le-pH, isikhathi sokukhanya kanye nama-microorganisms emvelo.

Uma isetshenziswa emaphaketheni, umjikelezo wokuwohloka we-PLA akulula ukuwulawula.Isibonelo, ngenxa yokonakala kwayo, iziqukathi ze-PLA zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekufakweni kokudla emashalofini esikhashana.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga lokuwohloka ngokufaka i-doping noma ukuhlanganisa ezinye izinto ku-PLA ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nemvelo yokujikeleza komkhiqizo nempilo yeshelufu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imikhiqizo epakishiwe ingavikelwa ngokuphephile phakathi nesikhathi sokuqinisekisa futhi yonakaliswe isikhathi ngemuva kokulahlwa.

2. Ukusebenza kwesithiyo

Umgoqo yikhono lokuvimba ukudluliswa kwegesi nomhwamuko wamanzi, ubizwa nangokuthi ukumelana nomswakama kanye negesi.Umgoqo ubaluleke kakhulu ekufakweni kokudla.Isibonelo, ukupakishwa kwe-vacuum, ukupakishwa kwe-inflatable kanye nokupakishwa kwe-atmosphere eshintshiwe konke kudinga ukuthi umgoqo wezinto zokwakha ube muhle ngangokunokwenzeka;Umkhathi olawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulondolozwa kwezithelo nemifino emisha kudinga ukungeneka okuhlukile kwezinto kumagesi anjengomoya-mpilo kanye nesikhutha;Ukupakishwa kobufakazi bomswakama kudinga ukumelana nomswakama okuhle kwezinto;Ukupakishwa kwe-anti rust kudinga ukuthi impahla ingavimba igesi kanye nomswakama.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nenayiloni yokuvimbela ephezulu kanye ne-polyvinylidene chloride, i-PLA inomoya-mpilo ompofu kanye nomgoqo womhwamuko wamanzi.Uma ifakwa emaphaketheni, inokuvikela okunganele kokudla okunamafutha.

3.Ukumelana nokushisa
Ukumelana nokushisa okungekuhle kwempahla ye-PLA kungenxa yezinga layo elincane lokucwebezela kanye nekristalu ephansi.Izinga lokushisa lokushintsha okushisayo kwe-amorphous PLA licishe libe ngu-55 ℃.I-polylactic acid straw engashintshiwe inokumelana nokushisa okubi.Ngakho-ke, i-PLA straw ifaneleka kakhulu iziphuzo ezifudumele nezibandayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lokubekezelela liyi-10 ℃ kuya ku-50 ℃.

Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, utshani beziphuzo zetiye lobisi kanye nenduku yekhofi enyakazayo kudinga ukuhlangabezana nokumelana nokushisa okungaphezu kwama-80 ℃.Lokhu kudinga ukuguqulwa ngesisekelo sokuqala, esingashintsha izakhiwo ze-PLA ezicini ezimbili: ukuguqulwa ngokomzimba namakhemikhali.Ukuhlanganiswa okuningi, ukunwetshwa kweketango kanye nokuhambisana, ukugcwaliswa kwe-inorganic kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe kungamukelwa ukuze kushintshwe ukumelana nokushisa okumpofu kwe-PLA ngokwayo futhi kuphule umgoqo wobuchwepheshe we-PLA straw material.

Ukusebenza okuqondile ukuthi ubude bochungechunge lwegatsha lwe-PLA bungalawulwa ngokushintsha isilinganiso sokuphakelayo se-PLA kanye ne-nucleating agent.Uma uchungechunge lwegatsha lude, isisindo se-molecular sikhulu, i-TG enkulu, ukuqina kwento kuyathuthukiswa futhi ukuqina kokushisa kuyathuthukiswa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokushisa kwe-PLA futhi kuvinjwe ukuziphatha kokuwohloka kokushisa kwe-PLA.